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KMID : 0371619980140020301
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Journal of Wonkwang Medical Science
1998 Volume.14 No. 2 p.301 ~ p.309
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Effects of Heavy Metals on Rosette Forming Rate and Cytotoxity of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes
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Kim Hye-Jung
Lee Jung-Ho
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Abstract
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Background: The hazards to heavy metals are keeping increase and mercury and cadmium are representative metals. The previous reports of the effects of these metals on immune responses do not come to an agreement. This study is designed to investigate the indirect effects of these metals on immune response employing the rossete forming rate(RFR) of bovine periphral blood lymphocytes. (PBL) to sheep red blood cells(SRBC) and their cytotoxicity to PBL.
Method: Mercury or cadmium treated PBL were divided into two groups, respectively. One is treated at 37℃ with various concentration of HgCl_2(10^-7∼10^-4) or CdCl_2 for 90 min before mixed with SRBC, and then kept overnight at 4^0C(short- time treated group). The other was kept overnight at 4^0C with various concentration of these metals after mixed with SRBC(longtime, treated group). On the other hand, the effects of these metals on the cytotoxicity to PBL were evaluated by trypan blue exclusion method according to the same incubation procedure that described above.
Results: The E-rossete forming rate and E_AET-rossete forming rate of mecury 90 min treated group were increased significantly (p<0.01) than those of control in range of 10^-6M and 10^-6∼10^-5M, respectively, but all of the 10^-4M treated PBL could hardly form rossete, especially in E-rossete. The E-rossete forming rate of mercury 14-16 hr treated group was increased than that of control group in range of 10^-7∼10^-6M, but there was no significance and E_AET-rossete forming rate was increased more than that of control in range of 10^-7∼10^-5(10^-7∼10^-6M, p<0.01). On the other hand, almost all of the 10^-4M treated PBL couldn’t form rossete. The RFR of cadmium 90 min treated group was decreased in the proportion to the concentration of cadmium but E-rossete forming rate of 10^-5M and E_AET-rossete forming rate of 10^-6M were increased significantly(p<0.01) than those of controls. The E-rossete forming rate of cadmium 14-16 hr treated group was similiar to that of control but E_AET-rossete forming rate was increased in proportion to the concentration of cadmium in range of 10^-6∼10^-4M, but there was no significance. The cytotoxicity of mercury and cadmium was increased dose dependently but it was decreased in 14-16 hr treated group than that of 90 min treated group.
Conclusion: These results suggest that mercury and cadmium modified immune response by changing the activity of SRBC receptors on the cell surface. On the other hand, cell dead rate induced by these heavy metals in 14-16 hr treated group was decreased than that of 90 min treated group, it suggests that damaged cells were recovered by adaption to these heavy metals and excretion of debris through intracellular organells.
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KEYWORD
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Heavy metals, mercury and cadmium, cytotoxicity
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